The "Two Bombs and One Satellite"

The "two bombs and one satellite" referred to the nuclear bombs (atomic and hydrogen bombs), the missile, and the space satellite. It was a general term for China's efforts to develop its own nuclear and space technologies.

In the 1950s, facing Western nuclear threats and political blackmail, the first-generation leadership of the CPC assessed the world situation and decided that China needed to develop its own atomic bomb, missile and space satellite.

In 1956, an outline of a long-range plan for scientific and technological development from 1956 through 1967 was formulated under the guidance of Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi, Li Fuchun (1900-1975) and Nie Rongzhen. In January 1958, a bureau was set up under the Second Ministry of the Machinery Industry to take charge of nuclear weaponry research and development, and Deng Jiaxian (1924-1986) and other scientists were entrusted with the task of producing China's first atomic bomb.

On October 16, 1964, China detonated its first atomic bomb; on June 17, 1967, it exploded its first hydrogen bomb; and on April 24, 1970, it launched its first satellite into the earth's orbit.

These were huge achievements on the part of the Chinese scientists and technicians involved.

“兩彈一星”

“兩彈一星”，主要指核彈（原子彈、氫彈）、導(dǎo)彈和人造衛(wèi)星，是對(duì)中國依靠自己的力量掌握的核技術(shù)和空間技術(shù)的統(tǒng)稱。

20世紀(jì)50年代，面對(duì)帝國主義的核威脅、核訛詐，中國共產(chǎn)黨第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體審時(shí)度勢，高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚，果斷決定研制原子彈、導(dǎo)彈、人造地球衛(wèi)星。1956年，在周恩來、陳毅、李富春、聶榮臻的主持下，制定了《1956年至1967年科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)景規(guī)劃綱要》。1958年1月，中國成立了負(fù)責(zé)組織核武器研制的二機(jī)部核武器研制局，把制造第一枚原子彈的任務(wù)交給了鄧稼先等人。

1964年10月16日，中國第一顆原子彈爆炸成功；1967年6月17日，中國第一顆氫彈空爆試驗(yàn)成功；1970年4月24日，中國第一顆人造衛(wèi)星發(fā)射成功。“兩彈一星”，是中華民族創(chuàng)建的輝煌偉業(yè)，是中國人民在攀登現(xiàn)代科學(xué)高峰征途中創(chuàng)造的人間奇跡。