Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing (c. 150-c. 219), also named Zhang Ji, is a preeminent Chinese doctor from Nanyang (present-day Nanyang, Henan Province) of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He is revered as the "Sage of Chinese Medicine" by later generations.

In Zhang Zhongjing's time, constant plagues in Nanyang cost many lives, most of whom died from typhoid fever. Grieved by the people's misery, Zhang made up his mind to delve into the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. After decades of hard work, he completed Shang Han Za Bing Lun (Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases), a comprehensive treatise on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that established the principle of applying clinical treatment based on accurate identification of symptoms and careful analysis of the disease. This became the guideline for diagnosing and treating all fever-related diseases, benefiting TCM practitioners of later ages..

Shang Han Za Bing Lun is a masterpiece encompassing the medical and pharmacological theories of the Qin and the Han dynasties, which have been widely used in medical practices. It is a TCM classic of far-reaching influences, China's first monograph on clinical treatment, and a go-to reference for TCM learners.

Zhang Zhongjing's medical theories made great contributions to the medical development and people's health in ancient China as well as to modern medical research. They have also exerted immense influences on the medical development of the Korean Peninsular, Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore, and Mongolia. A Temple of the Medical Sage is built in Nanyang in honor of Zhang for his medical expertise and professional ethics.

張仲景

張仲景（約公元150～154年—約公元215～219年），名機，字仲景，東漢末年南陽郡（今河南省南陽市）人，著名醫(yī)學家，被后人尊稱為“醫(yī)圣”。

東漢時期，南陽地區(qū)接連發(fā)生瘟疫，許多人因此喪生，其中尤以死于傷寒病的人最多。張仲景內(nèi)心十分悲憤，便痛下決心，潛心研究傷寒病的診治。經(jīng)過數(shù)十年含辛茹苦的努力，張仲景終于寫成《傷寒雜病論》，論述了分析病情、認識證候及臨床治療的“辨證施治”原則。這一原則不僅為診療一切外感熱病提出了綱領性的法則，同時也給中醫(yī)臨床各科找出了診療規(guī)律，成為指導后世醫(yī)家臨床實踐的基本原則。

《傷寒雜病論》集秦漢以來醫(yī)藥理論之大成，并廣泛應用于醫(yī)療實踐，是中國醫(yī)學史上影響深遠的中醫(yī)學典籍之一，也是中國第一部臨床治療學方面的巨著，成為后學者研習中醫(yī)必備的經(jīng)典著作。

張仲景的醫(yī)學理論對中國古代醫(yī)學的發(fā)展和百姓健康作出了巨大貢獻，并對現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學研究作出重大貢獻，深刻影響朝鮮、越南、印度尼西亞、新加坡、蒙古國等國的醫(yī)學發(fā)展。后人研究張仲景的醫(yī)理，敬仰其醫(yī)術和醫(yī)德，在河南省南陽市為其修建了“醫(yī)圣祠”。