| A. 很多學(xué)生不知道什么是Essay, 以為就是叫議論文。
其實(shí)不是我們中文中的議論文, Essay 是“固定結(jié)構(gòu)式文章”的總稱，基本包括三種：
一般疑問 = 一邊倒（Agree or disagree? Positive or negative?）
例：
I agree that library is to be replaced by the Internet. The internet provides the fastest worldwide access to the widest range of information, and average people tend to read online rather than on books in a library. Maintaining libraries takes a great deal, which are money from government revenue, paper from trees, and land from living. People nowadays visit libraries for other purposes instead of reading, such as, dating or free air-conditioning, ironically.
Conclusion: libraries are out of date.
特殊疑問 = 并列結(jié)構(gòu)（What are the effects? What are the reasons? Why?）
例：
People work and study at home with the Internet, the effects are as follows. Face to face communication is reduced. There is less demand for land, and housing prices will be decreasing. The less people go out, the less the traffic is, the less the air pollution is caused.
Conclusion: the trend is irreversible.
兩邊觀點(diǎn)式 = 4段式（常識(shí)題Some say… While others say…）
例:
Some people say environmental issues can be only solved by governments, while others believe that average citizen can solve the problems as long as they take actions. I will discuss both views and give my opinion. The former view is definitely wrong. The second view is only partly true.
Conclusion: environmental issues can be solved only by common efforts of individuals and organizations.
B. 另外，從英式議論文也叫traditional essay來看，雅思議論文在語(yǔ)言要求上要簡(jiǎn)單的多。 可以用主觀代詞“I”，不要求非常精確，劍橋6的小作文“silkworm life cycle”中，考官范文用了三次“produce”, 第一次是“下蛋 = produce eggs”（準(zhǔn)確為lay）, 第二次“吐絲 = produce silk threads”（準(zhǔn)確為spit）, 第三次是“制造絲布 = produce silk cloth”(可以不重復(fù)用make)——詞匯在寫作中是“細(xì)枝末節(jié)”，占比分不高。考官使用“有助于”不是“is good for”“is beneficial for”,而是helps。
C. 什么是最好的議論文結(jié)構(gòu)
在traditional essay中，有一種叫5-paragraph essay, 其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：
首段：grabbing引入 + thesis主題 + main Ideas段落大意
中間段1：分論點(diǎn)argument 1 + evidence論證
中間段2：bridge段間過渡1 + 分論點(diǎn)argument 2 + evidence論證 + bridge段間過渡2
中間段3：分論點(diǎn)argument 3 + evidence論證
結(jié)論：conclusion = a restatement of thesis重申總論點(diǎn)
??? D. 不是句子越長(zhǎng)越好。
The point that the greatest significance should be attached to is not which word looks most spectacular at a specific place, but in what way you can express yourself accurately in a rather short period of time, as most students are not aware of, and as is what most writing teachers are having headache about, especially in countries of test-oriented education system, namely, China.
這句話不太好懂呢，老外看也不見得懂，搞不好還以為是錯(cuò)句。其實(shí)語(yǔ)法角度來說，是不錯(cuò)的。
句子意思：應(yīng)該被給予最多重視的一點(diǎn)，不是在某個(gè)特定位置哪個(gè)詞更有“看頭”，而是以什么樣的辦法可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)精準(zhǔn)的表達(dá)自己，這一點(diǎn)大部分學(xué)生都沒意識(shí)到，而且這也是大多數(shù)寫作老師頭疼的事情，尤其是在應(yīng)試教育體系的國(guó)家，比如說，中國(guó)。
E. 每天安排：
教材劍橋5.6.7
第一步：將考官的范文，小作文大作文both翻譯成中文（40分鐘）
第二步：在不看范文的情況下，將自己的中文翻譯，翻回English (1小時(shí))
第三步：對(duì)照范文和自己的English，找出差異，寫下來（40分鐘）
第四步：不看范文的情況下，重寫一次（40分鐘）
（來源：考試吧） |
