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漢英筆譯中數(shù)字書(shū)寫(xiě)的規(guī)則

??? 在漢英筆譯和英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中,經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到數(shù)字;哪些場(chǎng)合用單詞表示,哪些場(chǎng)合用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示,往往讓人難以確定,現(xiàn)行語(yǔ)法書(shū)中也極少涉及此類(lèi)問(wèn)題。

實(shí)際上,以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的國(guó)家,在書(shū)寫(xiě)數(shù)字時(shí)已形成幾條約定俗成的規(guī)則,現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下供讀者參考。

. 英美等國(guó)的出版社在排版時(shí)遵循一條原則,即110用單詞表示,10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字(也有的以100為界限),這條原則值得我們借鑒。

那個(gè)工作臺(tái)長(zhǎng)10英尺,寬5英尺。

That table measures ten feet by five.

大學(xué)課堂的傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方式是,一個(gè)教授和二三十名學(xué)生每周見(jiàn)面兩三次,每次授課時(shí)間4550分鐘。

The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.

. 人數(shù)用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示顯得更簡(jiǎn)潔明了,但不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示較恰當(dāng)。

選舉名單上有203817個(gè)投票人。

There are 203,817 voters on the electoral rolls.

3萬(wàn)個(gè)投票人參加了這次選舉。

Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.

. 遇到日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字,通常用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。

工作臺(tái)的最大旋轉(zhuǎn)角度是120度。

Maximum swivel of table is l20.

3rd March 19913 March 1991;

a discount of 5 percent5%的折扣);

purchased 7 yards of carpet(買(mǎi)7碼地毯);

ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(訂購(gòu)2磅肉餡)

如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù),可用單詞表示。

about five miles per hour(每小時(shí)大約5英里)

at least ten yards away(至少有10碼遠(yuǎn))

hesitated for a moment or two(猶豫了片刻)

I have warned you a hundred times(我已經(jīng)警告你多少遍了。)

. 在科技文章中,數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn),用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字比用單詞陳述更常用。

這臺(tái)新發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的容積為4.3升,轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn),時(shí)輸出功率是153千瓦。

The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4,400 revolutions per minute.

我們知道,1立方英尺的空氣在0攝氏度和760毫米汞柱壓力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是說(shuō)12立方英尺空氣的重量是1磅。

We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0 and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.

. 句首不用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。

74日是美國(guó)歷史上重要的一天。

4th July is an important date in American history.

應(yīng)改寫(xiě)成The fourth of July...

19對(duì)選手參加了交際舞比賽。

19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.

應(yīng)改寫(xiě)成:Nineteen couples took...

據(jù)報(bào)道有60的利潤(rùn)。

60 profit was reported.

應(yīng)改寫(xiě)成:Sixty per cent profit…

試驗(yàn)時(shí),在桿的中點(diǎn)加了1345公斤力。

1,345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.

可改成When tested, a force of l,345 kg was applied...

. 遇到分?jǐn)?shù),可用帶連字符的單詞表示。

這個(gè)班至少有三分之二的學(xué)生患重感冒。

At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.

氮約占大氣的五分之四。

Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere.

(來(lái)源:catti.net.cn
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